Tacit Knowledge Transfer from Academia to The Regional Industrial Cluster Through Ph.D. Graduates’ Mobility

Dans le cadre du quatrième séminaire de l’axe Travail de l'InCIAM, Michel FERRARY, Professeur de management à l’Université de Genève (et chercheur affilié à Skema Business School, spécialiste des écosystèmes d’innovation, le transfert de connaissance entre l’université et l’industrie et l’entrepreneuriat high-tech, à partir de la théorie des réseaux sociaux - Granovetter, 1985, 2005), est invité à parler des transferts de connaissances entre les chercheurs de l’Université de Stanford et les entreprises de la Silicon Valley.

Tacit Knowledge Transfer from Academia to The Regional Industrial Cluster Through Ph.D. Graduates’ Mobility: The Stanford University Case

Coupling professional mobility with the geographical mobility of academic scientists sheds new light on university to industry knowledge transfer and to universities; contributions to regional industrial cluster. Academic scientists’ mobility to local businesses nurtures the regional ecosystem. At a regional level, to sustain growth, such transfer depends on the alignment and consistency between the explorative capabilities of universities and the exploitative capabilities of firms. Academic scientists tend to move to the regional industry when their competences are aligned with those required by local businesses. In case of mismatch, they move to other regions. Alignment creates a virtuous circle of a symbiotic relationship: academic scientists nurture the local industry that, in return, by growing, requires more academic scientists and supports the university by collaborating with academic scientists remained in Academia. To support the propositions, the professional and geographical mobility of Stanford Ph.D. graduates in computer science from 1966 to 2016 is analyzed with a focus on the beginning of the internet industry in 1994/1995. PhDs graduates in computer science own valuable knowledge to contribute to the Internet industry. Analyzing their mobility helps to understand the contribution of Stanford to the rise of this high-tech ecosystem in Silicon Valley.